Leighton Thompson Essays (417 words) - Sports, Sport Of Athletics

Leighton Thompson Essays (417 words) - Sports, Sport Of Athletics Leighton Thompson Analytic Reflection A significant blunder discovered was a missing punctuation to make the thing possessive. The defective sentence was Usain Bolt acceptance into olympic style sports is answerable for the disturbance in sports around the world.' The amended sentence is Usain Bolt's enlistment into olympic style events is liable for the interruption in sports around the world.' Overhauling the 4 th passage that started by saying, Usain Bolt was viewed as an artist Overhauled passage: Another motivation behind why I consider Usain Bolt the best competitor ever is a result of how he associated with the group. He was genial, interesting and he showed thankfulness to his fans each opportunity he got and this is a nature of extraordinary competitors. His affection for his fans was responded by them. This little detail is significant in guaranteeing the title of the best as it chooses whether Usain is only a decent competitor who will be immediately overlooked, or an extraordinary competitor who will consistently be recalled. Section 2. Reflection The point of this paper was to pass on Usain Bolt's predominance in olympic style events and why he is the best competitor ever. By and large, I accept that this article caught the primary thought yet didn't adroitly clarify the reasons why Usain Bolt was the best. This insufficiency was because of time the cutoff, as I needed more to time to conceptualize and appropriately express my focuses. Given additional time, I would not exclusively have the option to formu late better focuses, yet in addition I would have had the option to improve sentence structure all through the paper, considering I would have had satisfactory chance to edit. This demonstrative uncovered my powerlessness to communicate my thoughts appropriately due to my restricted jargon. A quality of mine that was shown in this exposition is my capacity to rapidly consider fitting focuses to help my proposal, in spite of working in distressing conditions. One part of my composing I plan to improve this semester is basic composition. I mean to have the option to compose systematic pieces with appropriately communicated thoughts. I will probably additionally do this viably in spite of the conditions (test, assessments). My preferred piece of this article was expounding on somebody I am energetic about. Thusly, this paper mirrors my actual musings and sentiments. My least most loved pieces of this article were that it was ineffectively organized and it contained a few syntactic mistakes.

Effects Of Cramming For Examinations Education Essay

Impacts Of Cramming For Examinations Education Essay Packing is an insufficient learning technique received by a dominant part of understudies in higher instructive establishments since it causes negative mental and physical impacts. R.Sommer (1968) characterized packing as a time of disregard of study followed by a concentrated eruption of concentrating preceding a test (p. 104). In this definition, concentrated explosion of contemplating alludes to an investigation system which include reading for continuous hours with or without brief lay just before assessments. Packing or massed practice is, consequently, a serious and brisk investigation of subject substance for the sole motivation behind passing assessments. Understudies who linger by propensities are bound to defer tests arrangement and enjoy valueless packing. The motivation behind this paper is to address the boundless act of packing and its insufficiency with respect to its negative impacts on understudies. Specialists in the field of brain research and training have contended for a considerable length of time on the objectives of instruction and understudies learning encounters. In todays intricate and testing conditions, change is basic. P. Ramsden (1998) contended that learning is deciphering and comprehension of reality in an alternate manner to encourage an understudy to appreciate the world by rethinking information. Learning by understudies ought to be seen as a valuable, self-controlled and objective situated individual procedure so they can build implications from information (de Corte, 2000, p. 254). Towards this end, graduate understudies are required to have built up a reasonable ability in basic intuition aptitudes to assist them with adjusting to partake in financial, political and logical issues of the world. Instructive instructional method must empower understudies to break down, hypothesize and mentally draw in with one another and with their general surroundings. In s pite of instructors rehashed mediation to train understudies suitable learning systems, most understudies still generally embrace surface learning ways to deal with learning as opposed to profound learning approach. P.Ramsden in his book, Learning to Lead in Higher Education (1998), has depicted surface methodologies lead, best case scenario to the capacity to hold inconsequential subtleties, frequently for a brief period. They are identified with lower levels of scholastic execution and progressively restricted improvement of conventional abilities (p. 48). Such sort of approach involves the utilization of repetition remembrance, piecing of genuine information, a powerlessness to comprehend setting from a more profound viewpoint, figuring out how to accomplish a negligible go in the assessments and in particular, understudies are driven by extraneous inspiration to accomplish passing evaluations and get capabilities. The inquiry emerges: for what reason do instructive therapists an d educators urge understudies to adopt up a profound learning strategy for assessment reason? The following piece of this paper contains a conversation of the inquiry and features the negative impacts of packing for assessments. Todays perception of social orders far and wide mirrors a deficiency of scholarly people with valid and gained independence. The social orders around us reflect people who are not loyal or given to their managerial undertakings whether as community workers or legislators of a nation. Harold E.Gorst in his book, The Curse of Education (1901), certainly expressed that progress implies improvement of thoughts and unremarkable people don't take part in such thoughts which are dynamic to a nation. He further expresses that as long as instruction is equivalent with packing on a composed arrangement, it will keep on creating average quality (p. 6). Gorsts explanation reverberates the way that packing or the immense gathering of real and shallow information, which has been constrained upon the understudies, are somewhat the consequences of ill-advised instructing, learning and evaluation techniques (assessments) of instructive frameworks and mostly the aftereffects of understudies learning p rocedures. Thusly, the accomplishment result of such instructive frameworks which packs understudies to follow unbending academic methodology is at a more significant level however it delivers the greatest sick impact of this sort of packing arrangement of training: the disappointment of satisfactory character and scholarly advancement of understudies who are equipped for intuition for themselves too graduates who see the objective of learning as a procedure in itself and a final result. Such understudies surpass in the information area just, yet their subjective spaces (scholarly thinking) alongside his full of feeling areas (ideas of confidence, passionate turn of events) are quickly ended. So as to comprehend what is realizing, it is essential to see learning in its particular settings. For instance, in the early frameworks of Japan and Hong Kong, learning was seen as a procedure to achieve information and afterward an evaluation of the information. With a conclusion to the learning procedure, the entire guaranteed significance of learning was lost. In these nations, instructive frameworks were directed by higher specialists as a way to convey quick paced instructing and to get ready understudies for advanced education selection tests. The outcome was that serious assessments were seen by junior and secondary school understudies as a measure to show their insight, memory and critical thinking abilities as opposed to their scholarly thinking and limit building aptitudes. Notwithstanding, still today, most guardians and understudies in Taiwan despite everything accept pack tutoring effectsly affect understudies learning accomplishment (Chen, S.Y. Lu, L. 2009). In any cas e, a similar report infers that the time spent in pack schools adversely influenced the mental prosperity of understudies and made them inclined to burdensome manifestations. The following piece of the paper focuses on the negative effects of packing on those understudies who pack by decision as opposed to need. Understudies who pack out of decision and propensities are typically proficient at the craft of packing and regularly pass their assessments. They have come to visualize the motivation behind instruction to achieve information through learning of subject substance. The point is focused towards accomplishing just extraneous prizes: accomplishing passing marks and capabilities. Driven by extraneous inspiration, with a surface way to deal with retaining accurate information in the spray of hours before assessments, these understudies are placing themselves into conditions of lack of sleep and stress issue. Understudies guarantee that they review materials better when learnt hours before assessments and feel less pushed. Be that as it may, as indicated by an examination distributed in the bulletin, Monitor on Psychology (2001) of American Psychological Association, absence of adequate rest is a boundless issue among youngsters and teenagers are at high hazard for intellectual and passion ate troubles, poor school execution, mishaps and psychopathology. A few logical explores has additionally presumed that youngsters need satisfactory measure of rest and resting periods to permit recovery of the synapses called neurons. Proceeded with effort of the cerebrum prompts lesser recovery of new recollections and diminished mind exercises in the cerebral cortex, the piece of cerebrum answerable for psychological working. Constrained subjective capacities lead to poor memory maintenance, focus and regard for subtleties (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 2007). From these confirmations, absence of rest and serious mind exercises without rest causes exhaustion and worry in these understudies. Stress can create a drawn out impact which makes numerous understudies grow further mental and conduct issue running from uneasiness, blame and consideration deficiency issue to examples of crabbiness and hostility. In spite of these examination discoveries, understudies who pack frequently become adroit at it, and utilize these systems over again with hardly any adjustments in their propensities. Accordingly, it is critical to bring issues to light of the negative impacts of massed practice on rest examples, stress and physiological unhinging in the types of ceaseless diabetes, stoutness and hormones unsettling influence. In addition, analysts are in understanding, that separated or conveyed practice over back to back days to accomplish learning is progressively valuable as far as the physical and mental prosperity of understudies. End The first pieces of the paper have given confirmations of the negative impacts of packing on understudies. The objective of training and learning is in finished differentiation to the results created by packing practice. It is reasonable for expect that understudies, who receive surface learning techniques with a critical perspective on instruction, can't get far as far as life span since his scholarly and mental improvement is fragmented. Being furnished with an extraneous inspiration to execution, the need of todays times is for graduates to adapt consistently with naturally determined thought processes. Taking into account the evil impacts of packing, it very well may be decently said that packing is an incapable learning procedure, and produces average people.

How Cognitive Behavior Modification Works

How Cognitive Behavior Modification Works Panic Disorder Treatment Print Cognitive Behavior Modification and Panic Disorder By Sheryl Ankrom linkedin Sheryl Ankrom is a clinical professional counselor and nationally certified clinical mental health counselor specializing in anxiety disorders. Learn about our editorial policy Sheryl Ankrom Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on June 05, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 07, 2020 Fotosearch/Getty Images More in Panic Disorder Treatment Symptoms Diagnosis Coping Related Conditions Donald Meichenbaum is a psychologist noted for his contributions to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). He developed a therapeutic technique called cognitive behavior modification (CBM), which focuses on identifying dysfunctional self-talk in order to change unwanted behaviors. In other words, Dr. Meichenbaum views behaviors as outcomes of our own self-verbalizations. Anxiety-Ridden Thoughts Hinder Your Recovery Panic disorder, agoraphobia, or other anxiety disorders often result in certain thought patterns and behaviors that may hinder recovery. For example, let’s say you have to attend a meeting at work tomorrow. You’re anxious and fearful that you will have a panic attack at the meeting. You may tell yourself, “What if I have a panic attack and have to leave the meeting? I would be so embarrassed.” So, you call in sick to work the next day so that you can avoid the meeting. What if you were able to change your thoughts? And, what if by changing your thoughts, you are able to attend the work meeting instead of avoiding it? Using CBM, changing thoughts and behaviors, including avoidance behaviors and panic responses, is a three-phase process: Phase 1: Self-Observation This phase involves listening closely to your internal dialogue or self-talk and observing your own behaviors. You want to be especially aware of any negative self-statements that are actually contributing to your anxiety and panic symptoms. For example, do you tell yourself negative messages, such as Im not smart enough, People dont like me, or Everyone can see how neurotic I am.   To help you become more aware of your negative self-statements, it may be beneficial to write them down. Tracking this type of dialogue will help you become even more aware of when its happening. If you can, try jotting it down in a notebook as soon as possible after it occurs. If that doesnt work for you, try journaling at the end of the day, writing down all the negative self-talk you can remember. You may be surprised to discover just how often you are setting yourself up for anxiety throughout the day. The Toxic Effects of Negative Self-Talk Phase 2: Begin New Self-Talk Once you recognize your negative self-talk, you can begin to change it. As you “catch” yourself in familiar negative thought patterns, you recreate a new and positive internal dialogue. “I can’t” becomes “It may be difficult, but I can.” Scratch off the negative statements in your journal and write these down in their place. Practice saying them until you start to believe them. These new self-statements or affirmations now guide new behaviors. Rather than using avoidance behaviors to cope with panic disorder and anxiety, you become willing to experience the anxiety-provoking situations. This leads to better coping skills, and as your small successes build upon one another, you make great gains in your recovery. How to Talk to Yourself in a Positive Way Phase 3: Learn New Skills Each time you are able to identify and restructure your negative thoughts and change your response to panic and anxiety, you are learning new skills. When you are now acutely aware of your thoughts, you are better able to gauge your anxiety and react in a more useful manner. A Word From Verywell When your negative thoughts control you, it becomes difficult to control your behavioral responses to unpleasant situations. But, CBM can give you back some lost control. As your thoughts change from negative to positive, you start to behave differently in many situations. And, you will likely find that others react differently to the new “positive” you as well.

Essay on Social Networking Sites - 1624 Words

Essay on Social Networking Sites Social networking sites peaked the year 2007. These sites encouraged online social connections. Early sites such as SixDegrees.com and Friendster allowed people to manage a list of friends. One drawback to these sites was that they did not offer users the ability to publish content like blogs. Social networking sites begin with a group of founders sending out messages to friends to join the network. In turn the friends send out messages to their friends, and the network grows. When members join the network, they create a profile. Depending on the site, users can customize their profile to reflect their interests. They also begin to have contact with friends, acquaintances, and strangers. Founded in 2002,†¦show more content†¦The Web site had become the giant among social networking sites. It was the most trafficked site on the Internet. MySpaces influence traveled outside of the United States. The company built a local presence in over twenty international territories. MySpace could be found in places such as the United Kingdom, Japan, Australia, and Latin America. In a few short years, MySpace had become a worldwide cultural phenomenon. SOCIAL NETWORKING BEYOND MYSPACE The success of MySpace in the social networking arena spurred the development and redesign of many other online social networks. Some sites appealed to a general audience. Others, such as Black Planet, LinkedIn, and MyChurch, sought to serve a niche market. Facebook was one site that emerged as an alternative to MySpace. In February 2004 Harvard student Mark Zuckerberg launched Facebook. The site began as a closed network for college students. Closed networks only allow users to join if they meet certain criteria. In contrast, sites such as MySpace and Friendster were open social networking sites. Anyone could sign up for an account. Open and closed social networks have advantages and disadvantages. Open networks foster interaction between adults and teens. Parents can check up on their teens profile and decide if they are comfortable with their childs online image. On the other hand, open access means that profiles are completely public and can attract unwanted attention. Closed networks are generallyShow MoreRelatedThe Strength of Social Networking Sites Essay1476 Words   |  6 PagesCommunicating in today’s society has become a lot easier with social networking sites allowing us to communicate with people through technological devices. Facebook, being one of many social networking sites, allows people to connect with friends and family in our surroundings and across the seas. Originally, Facebook was started in a Harvard dorm room in 2003 by one of its students, Mark Zuckerburg. 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Blogging, or keeping an onlineRead MoreUtilizing Online Social Networking Sites Essay1111 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Networking Business and Human Services organizations all over the world try to look for different ways to improve and be successful. One of the ways organizations have been able to maintain success is by networking and linking themselves with similar organizations. A website that provides organizations with this type of networking is LinkedIn. In week two I was given the task to research and understand why such sites as LinkedIn help human service organizations stay connected with theirRead MoreEssay about Dangers of Social Networking Sites916 Words   |  4 PagesIs the current craze of these ubiquitous social networking sites becoming too much to handle? Some say yes, others might disagree. Social networking was created to connect friends and family together. Now, many predators use sites such as Facebook or Myspace to find their prey. This is the source of what parents are stressing about to their children. While many who use social media are enjoying meeting new people, they are also becoming distant from contact with real people and they are involvedRead MoreEssay about Effects of Social Networking Sites730 Words   |  3 PagesEffects of Social Networking Sites The implementation of social networking sites has changed how the average person communicates with others. Studies show that the average person spends at least nine hours a week surfing and posting on social network sites (http://socialnetworking.procon.org/). In fact, using social networking sites has not only improved our communication skills, but has had a negative impact as well. One of the many pros and cons to communicating on a networking site is the ability

One of the Most Overlooked Options for Extended Definition Essay Samples

One of the Most Overlooked Options for Extended Definition Essay Samples There are an endless number of words that may be defined in the period of an essay. The term has been part of popular culture the world over for more than a century. In the initial one, talk about the origin of the word and the way it was used previously. You can begin with telling the history of the period, how it was used, and the way its meaning has changed over time. New Questions About Extended Definition Essay Samples If you've found a wonderful concept, you should find something particular in it to secure more specific and distinctive. By way of example, individuals are somewhat more likely to agree with a definition of cat, while the expression happiness is going to be defined in various ways. Many people don't realize that words we use today used to have a very different meaning and used to be utilized in various ways. Nowadays, it's not utilised in such a way anymore. The Awful Side of Exte nded Definition Essay Samples Each of its meanings has some type of special effect on an individual's own emotions. Then you are able to compare the word with different terms that are very similar to your topic. Explain a few meanings if it is essential. The Unexpected Truth About Extended Definition Essay Samples In the majority of instances, you will be defining terms your readers will already have a simple comprehension of. There's a huge number of explanations of the term kindness along with its synonyms and antonyms. There are several different kinds of examples of trust. Why Almost Everything You've Learned About Extended Definition Essay Samples Is Wrong Needless to say, here, you'll discover a wide array of topics and essay ideas. Such sort of writing does not require a normal thesis. While writing your introduction, you're want to concentrate on some crucial areas. Whenever your students write prolonged definition essays, they will need to think carefully about the structure and mechanics of their writing in addition to the intent of providing such a thorough definition. Instead of using an instance of a definition essay, there's an option. As you define the idea of metaphor, provide a selection of examples that help prove your definition. Should you do, paraphrase the offered definition to steer clear of difficulties with plagiarism. To begin with, find the dictionary definition of what you're likely to describe. Also it is essential to state the principal dictionary definition in your introduction so readers can comprehend the normal meaning from the very start. As stated earlier, you are going to discover that in writing a long definition, you must define different terms too. Picking a topic is a rather important step for the definition essay, as in the event that you pick the expression door you won't have the ability to compose a 500-word definition essay on it as there isn't much depth to enter. The next matter to discuss is a lengthy essay format. You have to note a lengthy essay format demands an article of 4000 words. You may believe that it is only the cover of your essay, but it's an important component, and you ought to treat it correctly. Extended essays may require a level of technicality. Going through them will provide you with an ideal head start in figuring out how to compose persuasive definition essays. The very best method is to tackle enough concepts and answer unique questions. You should dwell upon the facts of the subject you're likely to explain and define. Time will soon age her or his outer appearance. What Is So Fascinating About Extended Definition Essay Samples? It's all-important to continue to keep your reader always interested. It's important to pick the word which offers you enough to research and write about. The word appears interesting enough so as a sensible student you opt to look this up in the dictionary. Though a meaning might have completely evolved into something different, pre cisely the same word has ever been around. The Awful Secret of Extended Definition Essay Samples Such essay can help to understand different aspects of a specific term and consider them within examples that are easy and actual, like the ones via an everyday life perspective. You have to come up with your question in accordance with your subject and the chief theme. Some terms could be so crucial in your report, there might be quite so much confusion about them, or else they might be so hard to understand a prolonged discussion is critical for the success of your report. Your subject needs to be interesting to you.

Marketing Plan for a Premium (Branded) Product Free Essays

Table of Contents No| Tittle| Pages| 1. 0| Executive Summary| 5| 1. 1~1. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Plan for a Premium (Branded) Product or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2| Objectives ~ vision and mission| 5| 2. 0| Company Summary| 6| 2. 1| Background| 6| 2. 2| Company Locations and Facilities| 6| 3. 0| Products and Services| 7| 3. 1| Products Description| 7| 3. 2| Competitive Comparison| 8| 3. 3| Supply and Demand Details| 9| 3. 4| Technology Needs| 10| 4. 0| Market Analysis| 11| 4. 1| Target Market| 11| 4. 1. 1| Target Market Segment Strategy| 11| 4. 1. 2| Market Needs| 11| 4. 1. 3| Market Trends| 11| 4. 1. 4| Market Growth| 12| 4. 2| Industry Analysis| 13| 4. 2. 1| Industry Participants/Key Players| 13| 4. 2. | Main Competitors/Competitive Analysis| 13| 5. 0| Strategy and Implementation Summary| 14| 5. 1| Marketing Strategy| 14| 5. 2| Pricing Strategy| 15| 5. 3| Promotion Strategy| 15| 5. 4| Distribution Patterns| 15| 5. 6| Sales Strategy| 16| 5. 7| Sales Forecast| 16| 5. 8| Sales Programs| 16| 6. 0| Web Plan Summary| 17| 6. 1| Website Marketing Strategy| 17| 6. 2| Development Requirements| 17| 7. 0| References| 18-20| 1. 0 Executive Summary 1. 1 Objectives My objective is to collect and research information to understand Audi Company better in terms of their company background, product and services and their marketing strategy. Examples are like their technology, competitors pricing, sales figures market growth and many more. 1. 2 Vision and Mission Vision: â€Å"Audi – the premium brand† Mission: â€Å"We delight customers worldwide† 2. 0 Company Summary 2. 1 Background Audi is under a parent company named Volkswagen Group which is a German automobile manufacturing company. Audi is a manufacturer of exquisite cars – beautiful, sophisticated machines that embody technological perfection. Audi is the Premium brand growing most rapidly and on course to become the world’s most successful Premium manufacturer. Audi has been recognised by the European Union for outstanding environmental protection, based on its long tradition of minimising and reusing production waste. 2. 2 Company Locations and Facilities The worldwide network of Audi sites comprises the two German plants in Ingolstadt and Neckarsulm, as well as seven production facilities in Gyor (Hungary), Brussels (Belgium), Changchun (China), Aurangabad (India), Bratislave (Slovakia), Martorell (Spain) and Indonesia. 3. 0 Products and Services 3. 1 Products Description Type| Audi Q5 2. 0 TFSI Quattro (225PS)| Vehicle Type| Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV)| Transmission| 6-speed manual| Year| 2011| Price(RM)| 328,000| Engines| 1,984  cc (1. 984  L; 121. 1  cu in) I4 turbo| Acceleration(0-60mph)| 7. 0 sec| Maximum Speed| 130 mph| Tank Capacity| 75| Weight| 1850| Audi Q5 2. 0 TFSI Quattro (225PS) is a sport utility vehicle (SUV). The transmission for the car is 6-speed manual. Not only that, the Audi Q5 engine is 2. 0 litre engines comes with a turbo system which boost its engine capability, the acceleration from 0-60mph is 7. 0 per second and the maximum speed is 130mph which is approximately 233kmh while the tank capacity is 75 litres and the weight is 1850kg. 3. Competitive Comparison Type| Range Rover Evoque| Porsche Cayenne| Vehicle Type| Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV)| Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV)| Transmission| Six-speed Automatic| Eight-speed Tiptronic S with Auto start/stop function| Year| 2012| 2012| Price(RM)| 363,888| 570,000| Engines| 2. 0L Si4 4-cylinder petrol engine| 3. 6L V6| Acceleration(0-100km/h)| 7. 6 sec| 7. 5 sec| Maximum Speed| 217 km/h| 230 km/h| Tank Capacity| 70| 100| Weight| From 1640| 2030| 3. 3 Supply and Demand Details Audi Q series Annual Sales in all countries Production (unit)| Year| Year| Vehicles (Audi)| 2011| 2010| Q5| 183,678| 154,604| Q7| 53,703| 48,937| Q3| 19,613| -| Total Audi Q series| 256,994| 203,541| Based on the table above, Audi Q series annual sales for the model Q5 had increase from 154,604 for the year 2010 to 183,678 for the year 2011. The different of annual sales between year 2010 and 2011 is 29,074 which means the supply and demand for year 2011 had increase. The total annual sales of Audi Company for 2010 are 203,541 whereas for the year 2011 is 256,994. The table above show that the total annual sales of the company had also increase 53,453 which mean the supply and demand of the cars increase from the year 2010 to 2011. . 4 Technology Needs As technology needs for the model of Audi Q5 is the engine. The engine Audi Company use for Q5 is 2. 0 litre engines comes with a turbo system which boost its engine capability and turbocharging for more power and greater efficiency   is a development of the engine that powers the likes of the current Audi TT and Volkswagen Golf GTI. The engine’s pow er and performance will be from 0-60mph is 7 seconds and the top speed will be 130mph or 209km/h. The horsepower can up to 211hp or 4300rpm and the torque will be 258 Ib-ft. or 1500rpm. 4. 0 Market Analysis 4. 1 Target Market The following are the strategy for target market. 4. 1. 1 Target Market Segment Strategy Market segmentation for Audi Q5 will be psychographic segmentation which means Audi Company divide the buyers into different categories based on social class, lifestyles or personality characteristics. For the target market segment will be differentiated marketing strategy which means Audi Company produces several types of car such as SUV (Sport Utility Vehicle), Sedan and Sport each targeting its own segment of consumers. As for the product I choose Q5 target market is towards consumer’s lifestyles from higher level income. The target market will be consumers who finding for more comfortable, powerful and luxury option. 4. 1. 2 Market Needs Audi Company is providing customer comfort and luxury cars. Audi have a very good warranty and aftersales services for the customers. Now for all the new Audi models, the customers can choose whether you want to have three, four or five years warranty. So with the few years warranty you can enjoy your driving and also no need to worry about the unexpected repair bills. 4. 1. 3 Market Trends Market trends for Audi Q5 is the technology its use for the engine. Audi Q5 has automatic start and stop function for greater fuel. Audi Q5 comes with the Driver’s Information System (DIS) can help consumer to save fuel. Not only that, the market trends for Audi Q5 is because comfort and luxury. 4. 1. 4 Market Growth Production (unit) Production (unit) Year Year Figure: Production of vehicles Audi Q5 Figure above shows the Audi Q5 pass four years production from 2008 to 2011. The models of Q5 have a production of 20,320 in year 2008. Then the production increase from 20,320 to 105,074 in year 2009. The different of both years are 84,754. The productions still continue increase from 2009 to 2010 which mean from 105,074 to 154,604. Lastly for year 2011, the production for the year is 183,678. Compare to the pass four years the production of Audi Q5 is continues increase. 4. 2 Industry Analysis 4. 2. 1 Industry Participants/Key Players The industry participant for Audi Q5 is Stefan Sielaff. He is the head of design in Audi Company. He joins the company in year 2006. The key player for Audi Q5 is towards the consumers with high level of income and age above 40. Not only that, Audi Q5 can also be for family uses because it is 7 seaters car. 4. 2. 2 Main Competitors/Competitive Analysis The main competitors for Audi Q5 are Range Rover Evoque and Porsche Cayenne Range Rover Evoque: * The main strength of Range Rover Evoque is that it is the sport utility vehicle (SUV) with the engine turbocharged inline four-cylinder which can boost up to 240 horsepower, six-speed automatic transmission and impressive acceleration which is 7. 6 per second. Porsche Cayenne * The main strength of Porsche Cayenne is that it is also sport utility vehicle (SUV) with the engine 8-speed Tiptronic S which can boost up to 380 horsepower, Eight-speed Tiptronic S with Auto start and stop function and impressive acceleration which is 7. 5 per second. 5. Strategy and Implementation Summary 5. 1 Marketing Strategy Marketing strategy for the Audi Company is to hit the annual sales target or increase sales and profitable get back. Audi Company will choose the best strategy to gain profit in order to create customers value. Audi Company market segmentation will be psychographic segmentation which means for the model Q5, the segmentation will base on the individual lifestyles . Audi Company market target will be age above 40 and consumers with high level of income. The target market segment will be differentiated marketing strategy. This is because the Audi Company is going to target on few market segments and provide few models such as A4, TT and Q5. By setting the market targeting, company hope can get higher sales. The market position for Audi Q5 is to combine both aspect in terms of luxury and performance in order to make the Audi Q5 to become a perfect sport utility vehicle. With high quality and luxury car and have also good performance with high tech engine, better interior and exterior are more attract the consumers compare to others competitors. 5. 2 Pricing Strategy In terms of pricing strategy, marketers have to look into competitors’ strategies and prices to make comparison. The pricing strategy for Audi Company is by cost-based pricing which is convincing consumers of the vehicles value. The company profit will be the most important issue in pricing strategy. Audi Company is using psychological pricing which means it is consider about the pricing but not the world economics. The higher the price of car is, the higher quality of the car is. 5. 3 Promotion Strategy The promotion strategies for Audi Q5 are advertising and public relation. In terms of advertising, Audi Company has to make decisions when setting the advertising budget which is objective, budget decisions, message and media decisions and advertising evaluation. The marketer had chosen the advertising budget by using competitive-parity method in order to prevent promotion war and know what the competitors plans. Public relation is that Audi Company builds a strong relationship with the customers. The public relation company will organise a special event for example car show to promote the cars. By organising the car show public relation people can introduce the benefit of Audi Q5 and the specifications. . 4 Distribution Patterns The distribution patterns for Audi Company will be wholesaling. Audi Company is the wholesaler and the Audi Company will hire selling agents to help the company to gain the sales. The selling agents will sell the cars direct to last consumers. The wholesaler will set the segmentation and targeting consumers in order to identify th e consumers and build a strong relationship with them. Selling agents have to explain about the cars specification and pricing to the customers in details to make the customers understand about the car concept. 5. Sales Strategy Sales strategy for Audi Company for model of Q5 is Audi Company have a very good aftersales services and warranty. Each of Audi cars has a warranty of at least 3years. Then, consumers no need to worry about the high repairing cost. Let’s say a customer with an Audi car model of Q5 send his or her car to service and he or she is busying with the job he needs a car to go work while the car repairing. In this case, Audi Company will decide to give the particular customer a same model of car to use while the car is doing services. 5. 6 Sales Forecast The annual sales for Audi Q5 in year 2011 are 183,678 units so the marketers aim that the next annual sales in year 2012 for Audi Q5 will be 500,000 units. The reason why the marketers aim for more annual sales is because the Audi Company objective is to get benefits. To gain more annual sales the marketing strategy have to be improve in order to have more supply and demand of Audi Q5. 5. 7 Sales Programs The sales program for Audi Q5 is the marketers will set market segmentation, market targeting, market position and market differentiation to concentrate on a market to increase the annual sales. In terms of pricing, the marketers will consider the target market income level and needs to get an Audi Q5. The marketers also will consider about the consumer judgement on the product. The marketers have to do some promotion in order to introduce the product to the target market. In this case, the product is Audi Q5 so the marketers have to consider the suitable premium product promotion strategy. After all, the marketers have to set a distributer to sell out the product. The distributer is by wholesale which means the Audi Company has to hire a selling agent to distribute the product to the last consumer. 6. 0 Web Plan Summary 6. Website Marketing Strategy Website marketing strategy is something similar to marketing strategy but is only available in online business. First of all, the marketers have to select the target market for Audi Q5. The target market for Audi Q5 is basically on consumers which is with high level of household income and with age 40 above. Audi Q5 is a premium product so for online marketing the consumers have to look into more about details of the company and also the car. Furthermore, the marketers have to look into the competitor’s online advertisement make sure the competitor’s online marketing did not reduces the confident of the consumers. Then, the marketers have to improve the Audi Company advertising skills. In terms of pricing, the marketers have to look into the market target needs. By using psychological pricing which means the consumers thought that the higher price of the car means the higher quality of the car. The consumers buying Audi Q5 is to show status and personal characteristic. The marketers have to create an advertisement either create by own or by hiring the graphic designer. For Audi Company normally the marketers will hire the famous graphic designer to create a fabulous website page. And the graphic designer will helps to create the content of the advertising which is the slogan of the Audi Company by giving consumers message about the car comfort and luxury. In addition, the marketers have to monitor the advertising in terms of maintaining the latest news of the website. 6. 2 Development Requirements The marketers have to make sure the budget of the advertising did not over the cost so that the company did not lose any profit. The costing by hiring a famous graphic designer are very high so the marketers have to make sure that the online marketing are successful and hit the target of sales. List of References Audi. com (n. d. ) Corporate strategy Audi at a glance Investor Relations Audi Worldwide. [online] Available at: http://www. audi. com/com/brand/en/company/investor_relations/audi_at_a_glance/corporate_strategy. html [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012] En. wikipedia. org (1937) Volkswagen Group – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. [online] Available at: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Volkswagen_Group [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. Fleetdirectory. co. uk (2012) Audi profile and Audi company details. [online] Available at: http://www. fleetdirectory. co. k/audi/ [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. Audi. com (n. d. ) Careers Audi Worldwide. [online] Available at: http://www. audi. com/com/brand/en/company/careers. html [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. Models. audiusa. com (2012) Detailed Specifications Features and Specifications Audi Q5 Audi of America. [online] Available at: http://models. audiusa. com/q5/detailed-specifications [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. En. wikipedia. org (2009) Audi Q5 â €“ Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. [online] Available at: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Audi_Q5#Transmissions [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. Models. audiusa. om (2012)  Engines Features and Specifications Audi Q5 Audi of America. [online] Available at: http://models. audiusa. com/q5/engines [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. Landrovermalaysia. com. my (2011) Land Rover – Media. [online] Available at: http://www. landrovermalaysia. com. my/media_rangerover44tdv8. asp [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. Topgear. com (2012) Porsche Cayenne GTS unveiled in Malaysia – TopGear Malaysia. [online] Available at: http://www. topgear. com/my/7667-porsche-cayenne-gts-unveiled-in-malaysia/ [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. Porsche. com (2012) Technical Specs – Cayenne Diesel – Cayenne Overview – Dr. Ing. h. c. F. Porsche AG. [online] Available at: http://www. porsche. com/pap/models/cayenne/cayenne-diesel/featuresandspecs/ [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. Annualreport2011. volkswagenag. com (2011) Volkswagen Group – Annual Report 2011 – Audi. [online] Available at: http://annualreport2011. volkswagenag. com/divisions/audi. html [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. Audi. com (n. d. ) Corporate strategy Audi at a glance Investor Relations Audi Worldwide. [online] Available at: http://www. audi. com/com/brand/en/company/investor_relations/audi_at_a_glance/corporate_strategy. html [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. Models. audiusa. com (2012) Detailed Specifications Features and Specifications Audi Q5 Audi of America. [online] Available at: http://models. audiusa. com/q5/detailed-specifications [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. CNET (2009)  Audi Q5 delivers sports car handling. [online] Available at: http://reviews. cnet. com/8301-13746_7-10309171-48. html [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. Topgear. com (2012) Porsche Cayenne GTS unveiled in Malaysia – TopGear Malaysia. [online] Available at: http://www. topgear. com/my/7667-porsche-cayenne-gts-unveiled-in-malaysia/ [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. Audi UK (2012) Saving you fuel Q5 Q5 Models Audi UK. [online] Available at: http://www. audi. co. uk/new-cars/q5/q5/saving-you-fuel. html [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. Babyrr. com (2012) babyRR. com – The Range Rover Evoque Forum – Negative Consumer Reports Review. [online] Available at: http://babyrr. com/forum/archive/index. php/thread-2845-1. html [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. Porsche. com (2012) Drive – Features – Panamera S Hybrid – Dr. Ing. h. c. F. Porsche AG. [online] Available at: http://www. porsche. com/usa/models/panamera/panamera-s-hybrid/detail/drive/ [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. speedonline. com (n. d. ) PDK vs. Tiptronic – 6speedonline. com Forums. [online] Available at: http://www. 6speedonline. com/forums/cayenne-958/273697-pdk-vs-tiptronic. html [Accessed: 28 Nov 2012]. About. com Small Business: Canada (2000)  Part Two of the 5 Step Internet Marketing  Plan. 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Shintoism Essays - Religion, Shinto, Kami, Religion In Japan, Miko

Shintoism Shinto, which means the way of the gods, has no real founder, no written scriptures, no main laws, and only a very loosely organized priesthood. Shinto is a native religion of Japan and also one of the oldest religions in the world, dated back to 660 B.C. In Shinto natural objects such as rivers, mountains, and heavenly bodies can be worshipped and personified. It is not an exclusive religion and people may practice Shinto and at the same time any other religions. Shinto creation stories tell about the history and lives of the Kami, which is a spirit. There was a divine couple, Izanagi-no-mikoto and Izanami-no-mikito, who were known as giving birth to the Japanese islands. One of their daughters, Amaterasu (Sun Goddess), is the ancestress of the Imperial family. Her descendants unified the country. It is known that there are 8 million gods and goddesses, but others have been added. Also, according to Piggot, The attendants who accompanied the Beloved Grandson, Ninigi, to Kyushu from the Celestial Plains became Shinto priests. (38) In Shinto ancestors are deeply valued and worshipped. All of humankind is believed to be Kamis child. Believers value musuhi, which is the Kamis creative and harmonizing powers. The Shinto believers seek to have makoto, which is to have true heart. Shintoism has no definite set of theological beliefs or code of morality. As Motoori explains, It is because the Japanese were truly moral in their practices they require no theory of morals. Morality and theology was believed to be naturalistic. According to Juliet Piggot, Early Shinto did not preach moral codes, follow the genuine impulses of your heart was the core of the teaching, coupled with obedience to the Emperor. (38) Through the combination of Shinto and Confucianism the warrior code of bushido developed. The warriors who followed the code of bushido emphasized the importance of loyalty, gratitude, courage, justice, truthfulness, politeness, reserve, honor, and mental and bodily discipline. When a Bushido warrior was dishonored, he was expected to kill himself by hara-kiri. Worship in Shinto is to express gratitude to the gods and to secure their honor. During certain times of the year, large festivals take place to worship events such as spring planting, the fall harvest or to celebrate historical events. Some festivals may last for a few days. During a Shinto festival, people wearing special dresses carry the kami through the streets in palanquins. Decorated floats accompany them, where people play the drum, flute and other traditional Japanese instruments. However, some celebrations may be celebrated more privately at home or at a neighborhood shrine. Shrines are places of worship and dwelling of the Shinto gods. Inside a shrine there are sacred symbols that represent the kami, and are located in the innermost part where they cannot be seen. People visit the shrines to pray for such things as good fortune and to turn away evil spirits. The common way to pray at a shrine is to first purify your self by cleaning your hands and mouth with clean water. Then throw a small offering, such as a coin, in to the box in front of the sanctuary. Then bow twice deeply, clap your hands twice, bow deeply once more and pray for a few seconds. If you are sick, or have an open wound, or are mourning you are not supposed to visit the shrine. These things are considered to be impure. The word affirmation, which means things we agree are good, is used to describe the basic beliefs of Shinto. In Shinto there are The Four Affirmations that are: Tradition and the family- Family is extremely important because traditions are passed down through families. The main celebrations are birth and marriage. Love of nature- Being in contact with nature brings you closer to the gods. Natural objects are worshipped as sacred spirits. Physical cleanliness- The Japanese often take baths, wash their hands, and rinse out their mouth. Someone who is dirty is ugly and cannot be in the presence of the spirits. Matsuri- It is a festival, which honors the spirits. It is when people and spirits come together and enjoy each others company. Presently there are thirteen Shinto sects that are brought into five major

General Daniel Harvey Hill in the Civil War

General Daniel Harvey Hill in the Civil War Daniel Harvey Hill: Early Life Career: Born in the York District of South Carolina on July 21, 1821, Daniel Harvey Hill was the son Solomon and Nancy Hill.   Educated locally, Hill received an appointment to West Point in 1838 and  graduated four years later in the same class as  James Longstreet,  William Rosecrans,  John Pope, and  George Sykes.   Ranked 28th in a class of 56, he accepted a commission in the 1st US Artillery.   With  the outbreak of the  Mexican-American War  four years later, Hill traveled south with  Major General Winfield Scotts army.   During the campaign against Mexico City, he earned a brevet promotion to captain for his performance at the  Battles of Contreras  and  Churubusco.   A brevet to major followed his actions at the  Battle of Chapultepec. Daniel Harvey Hill - Antebellum Years: In 1849, Hill elected to resign his commission and left the 4th US Artillery to accept a teaching post at Washington College in Lexington, VA.   While there, he befriended Thomas J. Jackson who was then serving as a professor at the Virginia Military Institute.   Actively engaged in education over the next decade, Hill also taught at Davidson College before receiving an appointment as superintendent of the North Carolina Military Institute.   In 1857, his ties to Jackson tightened when his friend  married his sisters wife.   Skilled in mathematics, Hill was well-known in the South for his texts on the subject. Daniel Harvey Hill - The Civil War Begins: With the beginning of the Civil War in April 1861, Hill received command of the 1st North Carolina Infantry on May 1.   Dispatched north to the Virginia Peninsula, Hill and his men played a key role in defeating Major General Benjamin Butlers Union forces at the Battle of Big Bethel on June 10.   Promoted to brigadier general the following month, Hill moved through a number of posts in Virginia and North Carolina later that year and into early 1862.   Elevated to major general on March 26, he assumed command of a division in General Joseph E. Johnstons army in Virginia.   As Major General George B. McClellan moved to the Peninsula with the Army of the Potomac in April, Hills men took part in opposing the Union advance at the Siege of Yorktown. Daniel Harvey Hill - Army of Northern Virginia: In late May, Hills division played a central role in the Battle of Seven Pines.   With the ascent of General Robert E. Lee to command of the Army of Northern Virginia, Hill saw action during the Seven Days Battles in late June and early July including Beaver Dam Creek, Gaines Mill, and Malvern Hill.   As Lee moved north following the campaign, Hill and his division received orders to remain in the vicinity of Richmond.   While there, he was tasked with negotiating an agreement for the exchange of prisoners of war. Working with Union Major General John A. Dix, Hill concluded the Dix-Hill Cartel on July 22.   Rejoining Lee following the Confederate victory at Second Manassas, Hill moved north into Maryland. While north of the Potomac, Hill exercised independent command and his men comprised the armys rearguard as it moved north and west.   On September 14, his troops defended Turners and Foxs Gaps during the Battle of South Mountain.   Three days later, Hill performed well at the Battle of Antietam as his men turned back Union assaults against the sunken road.   Following the Confederate defeat, he retreated south with his division serving in Jacksons Second Corps.   On December 13, Hills men saw limited action during the Confederate victory at the Battle of Fredericksburg. Daniel Harvey Hill - Sent West: In April 1863, Hill departed the army to begin recruiting duty in North Carolina.   Following the death of Jackson after the Battle of Chancellorsville a month later, he was irritated when Lee did not appoint him to corps command.   After protecting Richmond from Union efforts, Hill instead received orders to join General Braxton Braggs Army of Tennessee with the provisional rank of lieutenant general.   Taking command of a corps consisting of the divisions of Major Generals Patrick Cleburne and John  C. Breckinridge, he led it effectively at the Battle of Chickamauga that September.   In the wake of the triumph, Hill and several other senior officers openly expressed their unhappiness with Braggs failure to capitalize on the victory.   Visiting the army to resolve the dispute, President Jefferson Davis, a longtime friend of Bragg, found in the commanding generals favor.   When the Army of Tennessee underwent a reorganization, Hill was intentionally left without a comma nd.   In addition, Davis decided not to confirm his promotion his promotion to lieutenant general. Daniel Harvey Hill - Later War: Reduced to major general, Hill served as volunteer aide-de-camp in the  Department of North Carolina and Southern Virginia in 1864.   On January 21, 1865, he assumed command of the  District of Georgia, Department of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida.   Possessing few resources, he moved north and led a division in Johnstons army during the final weeks of the war.   Taking part in the Battle of Bentonville in late March, he surrendered with the rest of the army at Bennett Place the following month.    Daniel Harvey Hill - Final Years: Settling in Charlotte, NC in 1866, Hill edited a magazine for three years.   Returning to education, he became president of the University of Arkansas in 1877.   Known for his effective administration, he also taught classes in philosophy and political economy.   Resigning in 1884 due to health issues, Hill settled in Georgia.   A year later, he accepted the presidency of the  Georgia Agriculture and Mechanical College.   In this post until August 1889, Hill again stepped down due to ill health.   Dying at Charlotte on September 23, 1889, he was buried at the Davidson College Cemetery. Selected Sources: Civil War: Daniel Harvey HillCMHLC: Daniel Harvey HillNorth Carolina History Project: Daniel Harvey Hill

Worksheet for Chebyshevs Inequality

Worksheet for Chebyshev's Inequality Chebyshev’s inequality says that at least 1 -1/K2 of data from a sample must fall within K standard deviations from the mean, where ​​K is any positive real number greater than one. This means that we don’t need to know the shape of the distribution of our data. With only the mean and standard deviation, we can determine the amount of data a certain number of standard deviations from the mean. The following are some problems to practice using the inequality. Example #1 A class of second graders has a mean height of five feet with a standard deviation of one inch. At least what percent of the class must be between 4’10† and 5’2†?​​ Solution The heights that are given in the range above are within two standard deviations from the mean height of five feet. Chebyshev’s inequality says that at least 1 – 1/22 3/4 75% of the class is in the given height range. Example #2 Computers from a particular company are found to last on average for three years without any hardware malfunction, with a standard deviation of two months. At least what percent of the computers last between 31 months and 41 months? Solution The mean lifetime of three years corresponds to 36 months. The times of 31 months to 41 months are each 5/2 2.5 standard deviations from the mean. By Chebyshev’s inequality, at least 1 – 1/(2.5)62 84% of the computers last from 31 months to 41 months. Example #3 Bacteria in a culture live for an average time of three hours with a standard deviation of 10 minutes. At least what fraction of the bacteria live between two and four hours? Solution Two and four hours are each one hour away from the mean. One hour corresponds to six standard deviations. So at least 1 – 1/62 35/36 97% of the bacteria live between two and four hours. Example #4 What is the smallest number of standard deviations from the mean that we must go if we want to ensure that we have at least 50% of the data of a distribution? Solution Here we use Chebyshev’s inequality and work backward. We want 50% 0.50 1/2 1 – 1/K2. The goal is to use algebra to solve for K. We see that 1/2 1/K2. Cross multiply and see that 2 K2. We take the square root of both sides, and since K is a number of standard deviations, we ignore the negative solution to the equation. This shows that K is equal to the square root of two. So at least 50% of the data is within approximately 1.4 standard deviations from the mean. Example #5 Bus route #25 takes a mean time of 50 minutes with a standard deviation of 2 minutes. A promotional poster for this bus system states that â€Å"95% of the time bus route #25 lasts from ____ to _____ minutes.† What numbers would you fill in the blanks with? Solution This question is similar to the last one in that we need to solve for K, the number of standard deviations from the mean. Start by setting 95% 0.95 1 – 1/K2. This shows that 1 - 0.95 1/K2. Simplify to see that 1/0.05 20 K2. So K 4.47. Now express this in the terms above. At least 95% of all rides are 4.47 standard deviations from the mean time of 50 minutes. Multiply 4.47 by the standard deviation of 2 to end up with nine minutes. So 95% of the time, bus route #25 takes between 41 and 59 minutes.

See email Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

See email - Essay Example In this research we will use Christopoulous and Tsionas (2004) model, where the growth rate of GDP is dependent of financial development along side with other variable. Some of the countries in the Asian economy which will be considered are South Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Pakistan and China. These countries will be focused in trying to study the contribution of financial market in the process of developing the economy. They all have similar economic development progress, culture and geographic proximity, thus making it possible to be used in determining the impact of financial market to the overall economic growth in a particular economy. The results will vary depending on the nature of the economic system, pattern of financial system and the type of model used to analyze the data. A strong correlation that exists between economic growth and financial market is a well recognized fact which has received more attention by most economists. This can be supported by the revolutionary works of Walter Bagehot (1873) and Joseph Schumpeter (1912). Over time, the direction in financial markets has really evolved growth and a strong association of development with rapid capital increase. Generally, when there are no funds in a particular country, then, there is no incentive for economic development. Immediately after accumulation of funds and an increase in per capita, financial markets become very active with the emergence of the financial intermediaries that tend to grow in number and size. This economic growth has a positive change in the overall production level of goods and services in that particular economy. Most of the conventional economists suggest that, factors of production such as capital, land and labor are the key determinants of technological change and a re the main source of change in the production function. It is obvious that a well functioning financial

Cuba Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Cuba - Essay Example Cubans has produced many excellent boxers, including world champion Joel Casamayor. Music is treasured by the Cuban people who enjoy jazz, mambo and bolero genres. The family institution is highly value in Cuba, a place where family values and obligation comes first. When the son finds a suitable partner and gets marry it is not uncommon for the wife to move in and live with the husbands parents until a home is found for them. There is shortage of housing in Cuba. On a yearly basis the country only produces and builds half of the required demand for housing in the state (CultureGrams, 2007). The socialism reality of Cuba has made its residents a bit hesitant to fully cultivate religion. The Catholic Church has invested a lot of effort trying to open the minds of the people toward their cult which has worked towards a certain extend. Other types of religion practiced in Cuba include Spiritualism, Brujerà ­a and Santerà ­a. Santeria is a fusion of Roman Catholicism and a West African religion of an African (CountryWatch, 2007). Cuba is very well educated nation primary schooling is mandatory and majority of people complete secondary school. Th e literacy rate of Cuba is 97% and the country enjoys a higher educational system of 50 university institutions around the island (CultureGrams, 2007). Despite the poverty and restriction on liberties the Cuban people are very similar to Latin cultures as free as being free spirited work people who enjoy classical Salsa music and nightlife and â€Å"festivals† are part of the social life of Cuban adults. The Cubans eat a lot at home and the most important meal of the day is dinner a time for the family to reflect on their day and communicate with each other. Typical meal includes rice and beans, â€Å"viandas† and the prefer meat because of its lower price and local production is chicken. The favorite and most consumed tropical fruits eaten by the Cuban people are: mangos, avocados, oranges, lemons, pineapples and

Tranformational Leadership And Mahatma Ghandi

Tranformational Leadership And Mahatma Ghandi According to Yukl (2010), leadership is the process of influencing others to understand and agree about what needs to be done and how to do it, and the process of facilitating individual and collective efforts to accomplish shared objectives. To put it simply leadership is the art of motivating a group of people to act towards achieving a common goal. The leader is the inspiration. He/she is the person in the group that possesses the combination of personality and skills that make others want to follow his/her direction. Gandhi tells us a tale of how a person can make a difference. The movie describes how he changes the perspective of people and creates a revolutionary change. He was the pre-eminent political and ideological leader of India during the Indian independence movement. He led the non-violence resistance movement against the British colonial rule in India during the first half of the twentieth century. He pioneered Satyagraha which is defined as the resistance to oppression through mass civil disobedience, a philosophy firmly founded upon ahimsa, or total non-violence. This concept not only helped India gain independence but also inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. Known as Mahatma (great soul), Gandhi was the leader of the Indian nationalist movement against British rule, and is widely considered as the father of the nation. His doctrine of non-violent protests, through his weapons of truth and love to achieve political and social progress has been largely influential to leaders across the world. (BBC on Gandhi) The following section deals with several leadership theories that can be used to explain Gandhis leadership style as portrayed in the movie (Gandhi, 1982). TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP THEORY According to Bass (1985, 1996), the leader transforms and motivates followers by making them more aware of the importance of task outcomes, inducing them to transcend their own self interest for the sake of the organization or team, and activating their higher order needs. (Yukl, 2010) Transformational leadership increases follower motivation and performance. The extent, to which a leader is transformational, is measured in terms of his influence on the followers. The followers of such a leader feel trust, admiration, loyalty and respect for the leader and because of these qualities of the transformational leader are willing to work harder than originally expected. These outcomes occur because the transformational leader offers followers something more than just working for self gain; they provide followers with an inspiring mission and vision, and provide them an identity. The leader creates positive change in the followers and induces people to be aware of what they feel to feel their true needs so strongly, to define their values so meaningfully, that they can be moved to purposeful action. In this leadership style, the leader also enhances the motivation, performance and morale of his follower group. Gandhi demonstrated transformational leadership. His followers were influenced by his drastic method of nonviolent protests and he instilled trust, loyalty, admiration and respect amongst his followers. He also transformed his followers in a literal sense changed them in mind and heart, enlarged vision and clarified purposes to make behaviour congruent with his beliefs, principles and values. Bass (1996) further described four types of transformational leadership behaviour Idealized influence, intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration and inspirational motivation. Types of transformational leadership behaviour in context to the movie Transformational Style Meaning Relation to the movie Idealized influence Arouse strong follower emotions and identification with the leader. Setting an example of courage and dedication, and making self sacrifices to benefit the followers. Gandhi talked about truth and love and preached the same through his non-violence resistance movements such as satyagraha and non-cooperation. Sacrifices like time away from family and long fasting periods for social protest. Intellectual stimulation Behaviour that increases follower awareness of problems and influences followers to view problems from a new perspective. Gandhi held several meetings to talk about the issues faced by people and the importance of following his values to fight for the countrys independence. He also ensured that his beliefs were followed in the manner as he preached. Individualized consideration Involves communicating personal respect to followers by providing support, encouragement and coaching. Gandhi was interactive, spoke to everyone and knew what was happening in their lives. Got involved with everyone and made them feel important by providing support whenever possible. Inspirational motivation Inspiring and empowering followers to enthusiastically accept and pursue challenging goals and missions. Gandhi inspired his followers through his principles and protests for which he was also sent to prison on various occasions. He was determined that his beliefs would finally attain swaraj (independence). Two key effects that transformational leaders achieve are to evoke strong emotions and cause identification of the followers with the leader. Mahatma Gandhi is a great example of a transformational leader because of his contribution not just to his country but to social thinking around the world that inspired many other different world leaders. Gandhi is considered as one of the few individuals who embodied the ideals of a transformational leader. SERVANT LEADERSHIP THEORY Servant leadership is primarily about helping people and fostering a relationship of trust and cooperation. Servant leaders must listen to followers; learn about their needs and aspirations, stand for what is good and right, oppose social injustice and inequality, must respect and appreciate the weak and marginal members of society and also empower followers instead of using power to dominate them. Greenleaf (1977) proposed that service to followers is the primary responsibility of leaders. The servant leader is a servant first. It begins with the natural feeling that one wants to serve, to serve first. Another important quality of a servant leader is the ability to accept his people unconditionally. It is creative as it stems from a genuine concern for the people rather than external motivations such as the need for power. It also leads to larger issues as it ultimately leads to a desire to serve the society at large. A servant leader is motivated, not by a desire to control others, but by a desire to help them realize their dignity and power. Gandhi preached non-violence and dedicated his life to the achievement of a better life for the downtrodden. He served as a catalyst and example, providing vision and inspiring hope. He empowered the masses to march to the sea to make salt. In doing so they demonstrated their capacity for self governance and impressed upon history a very powerful image. One of the key qualities of the true servant leader is that he is chosen by the people. When Gandhi was returning to India after the conclusion of the case for which he had gone to South Africa, he was given a farewell party. Over there, he expressed his concerns for the bill that was then before the House of Legislature that sought to deprive Indians of their franchise. Before he quite knew it, he had been elected by the people to stay on and fight for their rights. This was the beginning of his mission to serve humanity Servant leaders transform people and bring out what they themselves dont suspect is in them. Gandhi did the same with the Indian masses during their struggle for independence. Gandhi also stated that service to the poor has been my hearts desire and it has always thrown me amongst the poor and enabled me to identify myself with them. Hence we can say that Gandhi was the quintessential servant leader. Key values of a servant leader with examples from the movie- Integrity Gandhi always communicated in an open and honest way. He only preached what he practiced himself and which were consistent with his values. He admitted and accepted responsibility for mistakes and never attempted to manipulate or deceive people. For example Gandhi swore to speak the truth and advocated others to do the same. Altruism Gandhi was willing to make sacrifices to protect and benefit others and always put the needs of others ahead of his own needs. For instance his hunger strike for activities which he believed were wrong such as riots between Hindus and Muslims, his march to the sea to make salt as he believed the British Empires monopoly of salt was wrong. Humility Gandhi always treated others with respect, avoided status symbols and special privileges and was always modest about his achievements. For illustration he respected his colleagues as well as people from all castes and creed. Despite being proclaimed a leader by the masses he always emphasized that he was not a leader and lived in modesty in a village in India with only the basic essentials required by a human being. He also spun the cloth that he wore which was the khadi. Empathy and healing Gandhi helped others cope with emotional distress, encouraged forgiveness and reconciliation after a conflict and acted as a peacemaker. For example upon his return to India he travelled various regions of the country and met with a lot of villagers who were suppressed by the landlords, given measly compensation and lived in extreme poverty. He heard their stories and provided them courage to protest against the landlords for which he was sent to prison also. Also to act as a peacemaker for the religious tensions within the country he stated that I am a Muslim and a Hindu and a Christian and a Jew and so are all of you. Fairness and justice Gandhi encouraged and supported the fair treatment of people, spoke against unjust and unfair policies and opposed violations of civil rights. For instance when he realized that the laws in South Africa were biased against the Indians, he decided to start a non-violent protest campaign to obtain basic rights for all Indians. He quoted that The function of a civil resistance is to provoke response and we will continue to provoke until they respond or change the law. They are not in control; we are. The government finally relented by recognizing rights for Indians. DEVELOPMENT OF A LEADER Leadership can be learnt unlike the trait theory which states that leaders are born with certain characteristics that make them a leader. The development of Gandhi as a leader explains how people or environments affect the actions of leaders. Gandhi was not a leader by birth, he developed the skills required to be an effective leader. In the movie it is very explicitly clear that Gandhi learnt and developed his leadership skills in South Africa and honed them in India. He had a feeling for his followers, but he developed tools and methods to become an effective leader over time. He had rock solid values from which his activities stemmed, and he had a totally interdependent relation with his followers.

Fidel Ramos Essay

Fidel V. Ramos, the 12th President of the Philippines (1992–1998), is remembered for steadfastly promoting the principles of people empowerment and global competitiveness. He quickly led the nation out of darkness in 1993, putting an end to the power crisis that crippled Filipino homes and industries for two years. He pursued, focused and converged programs to fight poverty in accordance with the will of the Filipino people expressed by 229 structural/reform laws enacted by Congress during his term. The Philippine economy recovered dramatically during the years 1993-1997. Ramos vigorously implemented a comprehensive Social Reform Agenda (SRA) that addressed the long-standing problem of poverty: jobs and livelihood, health, education and skills training, housing, environmental protection, children and the youth, the elderly and the handicapped, agrarian reform, and access to equal opportunity. Gross National Product averaged 5 percent annually. Average income of the Filipino family grew more during his administration than in the preceding two decades. He pushed for the deregulation of key industries and the liberalization of theeconomy. He encouraged the privatization of public entities, to include the modernization of public infrastructure through an expanded Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) law. While communist insurgency dwindled to historic lows, he achieved a peace agreement with military rebels and the secessionist Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) for which he won for the Philippines the coveted 1997 UNESCO Peace Award—the first for Asians. FVR is known as the â€Å"Centennial† President, having planned and supervised the 100th Anniversary of the country’s Declaration of Independence from Spain on 12 June 1998. Economy Overview President Fidel Ramos embarked on an ambitious development plan dubbed â€Å"Philippines 2000. † Under the plan, several industries critical to economic development were privatized, such as electricity, telecommunications, banking, domestic shipping, and oil. Thetaxation system was reformed, and external debt was brought to more anageable levels by debt restructuring and sensible fiscal management. By 1996, GNP was growing at a rate of 7. 2 percent and GDP at 5. 2 percent. The annual inflation rate had dropped to 5. 9 percent from its high of 9. 1 percent in 1995. By the late 1990s, the Philippines’ economic growth gained favorable comparisons with other Asian countries such as Taiwan, Thailand, South Korea, and Malaysia. The Philippine economy took a sharp downturn during the Asian financial crisis of 1997. Its fiscal deficit in 1998 reached P49. 981 billion from a surplus of P1. 564 billion in 1997. The peso depreciated (fell in value) to P40. 89 per U. S. dollar from its previous rate of P29. 47 to a dollar. The annual growth rate of the GNP fell to 0. 1 percent in 1998 from 5. 3 percent in 1997. Despite these setbacks, the Philippine economy fared better than that of some of its Asian neighbors, and other nations praised the Ramos administration for its â€Å"good housekeeping. † Philippines 2000 During his administration, Ramos began implementing economic reforms intended to open up the once-closed national economy, encourage private enterprise, invite more foreign and domestic investment, and reduce corruption. Ramos was also known as the most-traveled Philippine President compared to his predecessors with numerous foreign trips abroad, generating about US$ 20 billion worth of foreign investments to the Philippines. To ensure a positive financial outlook on the Philippines, Ramos led the 4th Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Leaders’ Summit in the Philippines on November 1996. He also instituted reforms in the tax system which includes a forced increase on VAT (E-VAT law) from 4% to 10% mandated by World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. Under his administration, the Philippines enjoyed economic growth and stability. His visions of ‘Philippines 2000’ led the country into a newly industrialized country in the world and the â€Å"Tiger Cub Economy in Asia†. Philippines 2000 Five-Point Program: * Peace and Stability * Economic Growth and Sustainable Development * Energy and Power Generation * Environmental Protection * Streamlined Bureaucracy

Requirements for the Corporate Computing Function Essay

Assignment 2: Requirements for the Corporate Computing Function Student Name Dr Abdel Ismail CIS 505: Communication Technologies April 28, 2013 Meeting the Information Requirements of Management From the Requirements for the Corporate Computing Function, the fifth computing facility fulfillment point reads, â€Å"Meet information requirements of management† (Stallings, 2009, p. 58). Stated in another way, this Chief Information Officer’s (CIO) mission statement’s component implies that company information can be utilized by management for a great deal of things. While the security of all company-owned data is immensely important to the success of the organization, some of the information carries significant value when used by†¦show more content†¦Throughout the recent years a number of Federal mandates have been enacted due to major misconduct of large businesses. A company’s management may require some information due to federal auditing to guard against such misconduct. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 is a perfect example of such a law. Sarbanes-Oxley, â€Å"created a new auditor watchdog, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). The law strengthened internal controls over companies accounts and set stiff criminal penalties for executives who cook the books. One of its toughest provisions required corporate executives to certify the accuracy of financial statements and imposed jail terms of up to 20 years for willful violations† (Drawbaugh, 2012). So it is smart business for CIO’s to include management information requirement adherence on a mission statement because it guides a company’s competitive direction and complied with law. First Phase of Mission Rollout - Top Three From the nine different points of the CIO’s mission statement, there are three that stick out as items that the rest can be built upon. In order for the other six points to exist the company should provide computing capability to all organizational units that legitimately require it, provide computing services in a reliable, professional, and technically competent manner, and maintain organizational integrity in operations that are dependent on computing (Stallings, 2009, p. 58).Show MoreRelatedRequirements For The Corporate Computing Function Essay1181 Words   |  5 Pages Assignment 2: Requirements for the Corporate Computing Function Frank Blow Dr. Sharon Rose CIS 505 - Communication Technologies 10/20/16 Abstract This paper will describe a nine-point mission statement for the company from the new corporate CIO. It will address the new strategy in a three-phase rollout plan. It will then speculate why the fifth point, â€Å"Meet information requirements of management†, is in the CIO’s list of nine points. 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Military Technology Essay - 2343 Words

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